Tepelné zpracování po svařování (PWHT) je nedílnou součástí procesu, který snižuje zbytková napětí při svařování a minimalizuje křehký lom. V závislosti na požadavcích projektu může být PWHT podle svařovacích předpisů a nařízení také povinná. Procesy PWHT mohou být časově i pracovně náročné a vyžadují specializované vybavení a zařízení i přísná opatření pro zajištění kvality. Žíhání Žíhání je ...
Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) is a controlled process in which material that has been welded is heated above its lower critical transformation temperature for an extended period of time, typically following welding operations, to address residual stresses and microstructural changes caused by welding processes. PWHT may be required due to residual stresses or micro-structural …
Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) serves to reduce and redistribute residual stresses in the weld area, making it often mandatory in welding codes and specifications for pipes and pressure vessels. Modal analysis is an efficient and non-destructive way of measuring residual stress in samples [28]. Modulations in natural frequencies correspond directly with changes in stiffness due …
P91 steel is an attractive material for power boilers and other high-temperature applications, offering excellent combinations of mechanical properties at higher temperatures such as strength, creep resistance and Charpy impact toughness. Recent studies have demonstrated that different conditions for normalizing and tempering (NT) of P91 steel welds can produce optimal mechanical properties in the HAZ …
Post weld heat treatment (PWHT), an essential step in the construction of pressure vessels and pipes, is often mandated by industry standards to ensure weld microstructure is resilient, reduce residual stress that weakens materials, and help prevent potential brittle fractures. However, this process can be time-consuming and expensive due to energy costs associated with heating …
Post weld heat treatment (pwht) is an important step for relieving residual stresses in welded pressure equipment that could cause defects and hardening levels that exceed design specifications, as well as improving toughness and ductility to meet design criteria. PWHT testing is required in most welding procedure qualification specifications such as EN 13445 and BS …
PWHT testing is an essential element of quality assurance in industries like oil and gas and power generation, providing improved resistance to thermal fatigue as well as improving reliability. Cost and expertise are two major obstacles when it comes to fabricating pressure vessels and piping systems, such as those shown in Table 1. Divergences among …
Více informací “Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) and Pre-Heat Treatment (PWHT)”
Industry-specific welding codes often mandate PWHT for certain materials. PWHT helps ensure the integrity of welded components under extreme conditions in environments such as fossil fuel power plants, nuclear reactor vessels and other types of pressure equipment. Process can be time consuming and require special equipment. Distortions or warping of welded equipment could occur as …
Více informací “Post Weld Heat Treatment and Corrosion Resistance”
Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) is a thermal process performed on metal components welded during manufacturing to relieve residual stresses and improve material properties of both the weld joint and base materials, helping prevent distortion, cracking and decreased mechanical properties. It is performed to remove residual stress. Chemical analysis of as-welded and PWHT samples shows no …
Many fabrication codes and standards mandate post-weld heat treatment (PWHT). PWHT temperatures differ according to each welding procedure qualification specification such as BS 1113, BS 2633 or EN 13445. PWHT can reduce and redistribute residual stresses while simultaneously tempering hard or potentially brittle microstructural regions. Khanzadeh et al. [15] discovered that with increasing PWHT temperature …
Více informací “Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) For Carbon Steel”
Czech 
English 
Arabic 
Bulgarian 
Danish 
German (Austria) 
German 
Greek 
Spanish (Spain) 
Spanish (Chile) 
Spanish (Mexico) 
Finnish 
French (France) 
French (Canada) 
French (Belgium) 
Hungarian 
Estonian 
Indonesian 
Italian 
Japanese 
Korean